Again, as is clear in the order whose link is below, it should be emphasised that that, like the first national emergency issued in 2003, the 2005 order did not provide any protection to or for Zimbabwe nor Zimbabweans. It was all about responding to “an unusual and extraordinary threat to the foreign policy of the United States”.
Link: US Executive Order 13391—Blocking Property of Additional Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Zimbabwe
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2005/11/25/05-23412/blocking-property-of-additional-persons-undermining-democratic-processes-or-institutions-in-zimbabwe
- Third US Declaration of False ‘National Emergency’ in Zimbabwe in 2008
The third and last order, still issued by George W. Bush the war monger, was the most draconian. It seems, with it, Bush was baying for blood on the floor.
In a move that demonstrated beyond doubt that the sanctions were in fact not targeted at some individuals but were aimed at Zimbabwe itself, in 2008 the sanctions list was radically revised to include, “any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of State:
(a) to be a senior official of the Government of Zimbabwe; and
(b) to be owned or controlled by, directly or indirectly, the Government of Zimbabwe or an official or officials of the Government of Zimbabwe.
For all intents and purposes this was tantamount to a declaration of war as it amounted to sanctioning the entire state and government of Zimbabwe, and therefore the nation-state of Zimbabwe itself. And this is the situation that obtained on the ground for 16 years; from 2008 to 2024.
Below is a link to the order in question, which was by all counts the most damaging:
Link: US Executive Order 13469—which sanctioned the govt and state in Zimbabwe
https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2008/07/29/08-1480/blocking-property-of-additional-persons-undermining-democratic-processes-or-institutions-in-zimbabwe
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